1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
|
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<title>LLVM Testing Infrastructure Guide</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="llvm.css" type="text/css">
</head>
<body>
<div class="doc_title">
LLVM Testing Infrastructure Guide
</div>
<ol>
<li><a href="#overview">Overview</a></li>
<li><a href="#requirements">Requirements</a></li>
<li><a href="#org">LLVM testing infrastructure organization</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#dejagnu">DejaGNU tests</a></li>
<li><a href="#testsuite">Test suite</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#quick">Quick start</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#quickdejagnu">DejaGNU tests</a></li>
<li><a href="#quicktestsuite">Test suite</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#dgstructure">DejaGNU structure</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#dgcustom">Writing new DejaGNU tests</a></li>
<li><a href="#dgvars">Variables and substitutions</a></li>
<li><a href="#dgfeatures">Other features</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#testsuitestructure">Test suite structure</a></li>
<li><a href="#testsuiterun">Running the test suite</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#testsuiteexternal">Configuring external tests</a></li>
<li><a href="#testsuitetests">Running different tests</a></li>
<li><a href="#testsuiteoutput">Generating test output</a></li>
<li><a href="#testsuitecustom">Writing custom tests for llvm-test</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#nightly">Running the nightly tester</a></li>
</ol>
<div class="doc_author">
<p>Written by John T. Criswell, <a
href="http://llvm.x10sys.com/rspencer">Reid Spencer</a>, and Tanya Lattner</p>
</div>
<!--=========================================================================-->
<div class="doc_section"><a name="overview">Overview</a></div>
<!--=========================================================================-->
<div class="doc_text">
<p>This document is the reference manual for the LLVM testing infrastructure. It documents
the structure of the LLVM testing infrastructure, the tools needed to use it,
and how to add and run tests.</p>
</div>
<!--=========================================================================-->
<div class="doc_section"><a name="requirements">Requirements</a></div>
<!--=========================================================================-->
<div class="doc_text">
<p>In order to use the LLVM testing infrastructure, you will need all of the software
required to build LLVM, plus the following:</p>
<dl>
<dt><a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/dejagnu/">DejaGNU</a></dt>
<dd>The Feature and Regressions tests are organized and run by DejaGNU.</dd>
<dt><a href="http://expect.nist.gov/">Expect</a></dt>
<dd>Expect is required by DejaGNU.</dd>
<dt><a href="http://www.tcl.tk/software/tcltk/">tcl</a></dt>
<dd>Tcl is required by DejaGNU. </dd>
<dt><a href="http://www.netlib.org/f2c">F2C</a></dt>
<dd>For now, LLVM does not have a Fortran front-end, but using F2C, we can run
Fortran benchmarks. F2C support must be enabled via <tt>configure</tt> if not
installed in a standard place. F2C requires three items: the <tt>f2c</tt>
executable, <tt>f2c.h</tt> to compile the generated code, and <tt>libf2c.a</tt>
to link generated code. By default, given an F2C directory <tt>$DIR</tt>, the
configure script will search <tt>$DIR/bin</tt> for <tt>f2c</tt>,
<tt>$DIR/include</tt> for <tt>f2c.h</tt>, and <tt>$DIR/lib</tt> for
<tt>libf2c.a</tt>. The default <tt>$DIR</tt> values are: <tt>/usr</tt>,
<tt>/usr/local</tt>, <tt>/sw</tt>, and <tt>/opt</tt>. If you installed F2C in a
different location, you must tell <tt>configure</tt>:
<ul>
<li><tt>./configure --with-f2c=$DIR</tt><br>
This will specify a new <tt>$DIR</tt> for the above-described search
process. This will only work if the binary, header, and library are in their
respective subdirectories of <tt>$DIR</tt>.</li>
<li><tt>./configure --with-f2c-bin=/binary/path --with-f2c-inc=/include/path
--with-f2c-lib=/lib/path</tt><br>
This allows you to specify the F2C components separately. Note: if you choose
this route, you MUST specify all three components, and you need to only specify
<em>directories</em> where the files are located; do NOT include the
filenames themselves on the <tt>configure</tt> line.</li>
</ul></dd>
</dl>
<p>Darwin (Mac OS X) developers can simplify the installation of Expect and tcl
by using fink. <tt>fink install expect</tt> will install both. Alternatively,
Darwinports users can use <tt>sudo port install expect</tt> to install Expect
and tcl.</p>
</div>
<!--=========================================================================-->
<div class="doc_section"><a name="org">LLVM testing infrastructure organization</a></div>
<!--=========================================================================-->
<div class="doc_text">
<p>The LLVM testing infrastructure contains two major categories of tests: code
fragments and whole programs. Code fragments are referred to as the "DejaGNU
tests" and are in the <tt>llvm</tt> module in subversion under the
<tt>llvm/test</tt> directory. The whole programs tests are referred to as the
"Test suite" and are in the <tt>test-suite</tt> module in subversion.
</p>
</div>
<!-- _______________________________________________________________________ -->
<div class="doc_subsection"><a name="dejagnu">DejaGNU tests</a></div>
<!-- _______________________________________________________________________ -->
<div class="doc_text">
<p>Code fragments are small pieces of code that test a specific feature of LLVM
or trigger a specific bug in LLVM. They are usually written in LLVM assembly
language, but can be written in other languages if the test targets a particular
language front end. These tests are driven by the DejaGNU testing framework,
which is hidden behind a few simple makefiles.</p>
<p>These code fragments are not complete programs. The code generated from them is
never executed to determine correct behavior.</p>
<p>These code fragment tests are located in the <tt>llvm/test</tt>
directory.</p>
<p>Typically when a bug is found in LLVM, a regression test containing
just enough code to reproduce the problem should be written and placed
somewhere underneath this directory. In most cases, this will be a small
piece of LLVM assembly language code, often distilled from an actual
application or benchmark.</p>
</div>
<!-- _______________________________________________________________________ -->
<div class="doc_subsection"><a name="testsuite">Test suite</a></div>
<!-- _______________________________________________________________________ -->
<div class="doc_text">
<p>The test suite contains whole programs, which are pieces of
code which can be compiled and linked into a stand-alone program that can be
executed. These programs are generally written in high level languages such as
C or C++, but sometimes they are written straight in LLVM assembly.</p>
<p>These programs are compiled and then executed using several different
methods (native compiler, LLVM C backend, LLVM JIT, LLVM native code generation,
etc). The output of these programs is compared to ensure that LLVM is compiling
the program correctly.</p>
<p>In addition to compiling and executing programs, whole program tests serve as
a way of benchmarking LLVM performance, both in terms of the efficiency of the
programs generated as well as the speed with which LLVM compiles, optimizes, and
generates code.</p>
<p>The test-suite is located in the <tt>test-suite</tt> Subversion module.</p>
</div>
<!--=========================================================================-->
<div class="doc_section"><a name="quick">Quick start</a></div>
<!--=========================================================================-->
<div class="doc_text">
<p>The tests are located in two separate Subversion modules. The
DejaGNU tests are in the main "llvm" module under the directory
<tt>llvm/test</tt> (so you get these tests for free with the main llvm tree).
The more comprehensive test suite that includes whole
programs in C and C++ is in the <tt>test-suite</tt> module. This module should
be checked out to the <tt>llvm/projects</tt> directory (don't use another name
then the default "test-suite", for then the test suite will be run every time
you run <tt>make</tt> in the main <tt>llvm</tt> directory).
When you <tt>configure</tt> the <tt>llvm</tt> module,
the <tt>test-suite</tt> directory will be automatically configured.
Alternatively, you can configure the <tt>test-suite</tt> module manually.</p>
<!-- _______________________________________________________________________ -->
<div class="doc_subsection"><a name="quickdejagnu">DejaGNU tests</a></div>
<!-- _______________________________________________________________________ -->
<p>To run all of the simple tests in LLVM using DejaGNU, use the master Makefile
in the <tt>llvm/test</tt> directory:</p>
<div class="doc_code">
<pre>
% gmake -C llvm/test
</pre>
</div>
<p>or</p>
<div class="doc_code">
<pre>
% gmake check
</pre>
</div>
<p>To run only a subdirectory of tests in <tt>llvm/test</tt> using DejaGNU (ie.
Transforms), just set the TESTSUITE variable to the path of the
subdirectory (relative to <tt>llvm/test</tt>):</p>
<div class="doc_code">
<pre>
% gmake TESTSUITE=Transforms check
</pre>
</div>
<p><b>Note: If you are running the tests with <tt>objdir != subdir</tt>, you
must have run the complete testsuite before you can specify a
subdirectory.</b></p>
<p>To run only a single test, set <tt>TESTONE</tt> to its path (relative to
<tt>llvm/test</tt>) and make the <tt>check-one</tt> target:</p>
<div class="doc_code">
<pre>
% gmake TESTONE=Feature/basictest.ll check-one
</pre>
</div>
<!-- _______________________________________________________________________ -->
<div class="doc_subsection"><a name="quicktestsuite">Test suite</a></div>
<!-- _______________________________________________________________________ -->
<p>To run the comprehensive test suite (tests that compile and execute whole
programs), first checkout and setup the <tt>test-suite</tt> module:</p>
<div class="doc_code">
<pre>
% cd llvm/projects
% svn co http://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/test-suite/trunk test-suite
% cd ..
% ./configure --with-llvmgccdir=$LLVM_GCC_DIR
</pre>
<p>where <tt>$LLVM_GCC_DIR</tt> is the directory where you <em>installed</em>
llvm-gcc, not it's src or obj dir.</p>
</div>
<p>Then, run the entire test suite by running make in the <tt>test-suite</tt>
directory:</p>
<div class="doc_code">
<pre>
% cd projects/test-suite
% gmake
</pre>
</div>
<p>Usually, running the "nightly" set of tests is a good idea, and you can also
let it generate a report by running:</p>
<div class="doc_code">
<pre>
% cd projects/test-suite
% gmake TEST=nightly report report.html
</pre>
</div>
<p>Any of the above commands can also be run in a subdirectory of
<tt>projects/test-suite</tt> to run the specified test only on the programs in
that subdirectory.</p>
</div>
<!--=========================================================================-->
<div class="doc_section"><a name="dgstructure">DejaGNU structure</a></div>
<!--=========================================================================-->
<div class="doc_text">
<p>The LLVM DejaGNU tests are driven by DejaGNU together with GNU Make and are
located in the <tt>llvm/test</tt> directory.
<p>This directory contains a large array of small tests
that exercise various features of LLVM and to ensure that regressions do not
occur. The directory is broken into several sub-directories, each focused on
a particular area of LLVM. A few of the important ones are:</p>
<ul>
<li><tt>Analysis</tt>: checks Analysis passes.</li>
<li><tt>Archive</tt>: checks the Archive library.</li>
<li><tt>Assembler</tt>: checks Assembly reader/writer functionality.</li>
<li><tt>Bitcode</tt>: checks Bitcode reader/writer functionality.</li>
<li><tt>CodeGen</tt>: checks code generation and each target.</li>
<li><tt>Features</tt>: checks various features of the LLVM language.</li>
<li><tt>Linker</tt>: tests bitcode linking.</li>
<li><tt>Transforms</tt>: tests each of the scalar, IPO, and utility
transforms to ensure they make the right transformations.</li>
<li><tt>Verifier</tt>: tests the IR verifier.</li>
</ul>
</div>
<!-- _______________________________________________________________________ -->
<div class="doc_subsection"><a name="dgcustom">Writing new DejaGNU tests</a></div>
<!-- _______________________________________________________________________ -->
<div class="doc_text">
<p>The DejaGNU structure is very simple, but does require some information to
be set. This information is gathered via <tt>configure</tt> and is written
to a file, <tt>site.exp</tt> in <tt>llvm/test</tt>. The <tt>llvm/test</tt>
Makefile does this work for you.</p>
<p>In order for DejaGNU to work, each directory of tests must have a
<tt>dg.exp</tt> file. DejaGNU looks for this file to determine how to run the
tests. This file is just a Tcl script and it can do anything you want, but
we've standardized it for the LLVM regression tests. If you're adding a
directory of tests, just copy <tt>dg.exp</tt> from another directory to get
running. The standard <tt>dg.exp</tt> simply loads a Tcl
library (<tt>test/lib/llvm.exp</tt>) and calls the <tt>llvm_runtests</tt>
function defined in that library with a list of file names to run. The names
are obtained by using Tcl's glob command. Any directory that contains only
directories does not need the <tt>dg.exp</tt> file.</p>
<p>The <tt>llvm-runtests</tt> function lookas at each file that is passed to
it and gathers any lines together that match "RUN:". This are the "RUN" lines
that specify how the test is to be run. So, each test script must contain
RUN lines if it is to do anything. If there are no RUN lines, the
<tt>llvm-runtests</tt> function will issue an error and the test will
fail.</p>
<p>RUN lines are specified in the comments of the test program using the
keyword <tt>RUN</tt> followed by a colon, and lastly the command (pipeline)
to execute. Together, these lines form the "script" that
<tt>llvm-runtests</tt> executes to run the test case. The syntax of the
RUN lines is similar to a shell's syntax for pipelines including I/O
redirection and variable substitution. However, even though these lines
may <i>look</i> like a shell script, they are not. RUN lines are interpreted
directly by the Tcl <tt>exec</tt> command. They are never executed by a
shell. Consequently the syntax differs from normal shell script syntax in a
few ways. You can specify as many RUN lines as needed.</p>
<p>Each RUN line is executed on its own, distinct from other lines unless
its last character is <tt>\</tt>. This continuation character causes the RUN
line to be concatenated with the next one. In this way you can build up long
pipelines of commands without making huge line lengths. The lines ending in
<tt>\</tt> are concatenated until a RUN line that doesn't end in <tt>\</tt> is
found. This concatenated set of RUN lines then constitutes one execution.
Tcl will substitute variables and arrange for the pipeline to be executed. If
any process in the pipeline fails, the entire line (and test case) fails too.
</p>
<p> Below is an example of legal RUN lines in a <tt>.ll</tt> file:</p>
<div class="doc_code">
<pre>
; RUN: llvm-as < %s | llvm-dis > %t1
; RUN: llvm-dis < %s.bc-13 > %t2
; RUN: diff %t1 %t2
</pre>
</div>
<p>As with a Unix shell, the RUN: lines permit pipelines and I/O redirection
to be used. However, the usage is slightly different than for Bash. To check
what's legal, see the documentation for the
<a href="http://www.tcl.tk/man/tcl8.5/TclCmd/exec.htm#M2">Tcl exec</a>
command and the
<a href="http://www.tcl.tk/man/tcl8.5/tutorial/Tcl26.html">tutorial</a>.
The major differences are:</p>
<ul>
<li>You can't do <tt>2>&1</tt>. That will cause Tcl to write to a
file named <tt>&1</tt>. Usually this is done to get stderr to go through
a pipe. You can do that in tcl with <tt>|&</tt> so replace this idiom:
<tt>... 2>&1 | grep</tt> with <tt>... |& grep</tt></li>
<li>You can only redirect to a file, not to another descriptor and not from
a here document.</li>
<li>tcl supports redirecting to open files with the @ syntax but you
shouldn't use that here.</li>
</ul>
<p>There are some quoting rules that you must pay attention to when writing
your RUN lines. In general nothing needs to be quoted. Tcl won't strip off any
' or " so they will get passed to the invoked program. For example:</p>
<div class="doc_code">
<pre>
... | grep 'find this string'
</pre>
</div>
<p>This will fail because the ' characters are passed to grep. This would
instruction grep to look for <tt>'find</tt> in the files <tt>this</tt> and
<tt>string'</tt>. To avoid this use curly braces to tell Tcl that it should
treat everything enclosed as one value. So our example would become:</p>
<div class="doc_code">
<pre>
... | grep {find this string}
</pre>
</div>
<p>Additionally, the characters <tt>[</tt> and <tt>]</tt> are treated
specially by Tcl. They tell Tcl to interpret the content as a command to
execute. Since these characters are often used in regular expressions this can
have disastrous results and cause the entire test run in a directory to fail.
For example, a common idiom is to look for some basicblock number:</p>
<div class="doc_code">
<pre>
... | grep bb[2-8]
</pre>
</div>
<p>This, however, will cause Tcl to fail because its going to try to execute
a program named "2-8". Instead, what you want is this:</p>
<div class="doc_code">
<pre>
... | grep {bb\[2-8\]}
</pre>
</div>
<p>Finally, if you need to pass the <tt>\</tt> character down to a program,
then it must be doubled. This is another Tcl special character. So, suppose
you had:
<div class="doc_code">
<pre>
... | grep 'i32\*'
</pre>
</div>
<p>This will fail to match what you want (a pointer to i32). First, the
<tt>'</tt> do not get stripped off. Second, the <tt>\</tt> gets stripped off
by Tcl so what grep sees is: <tt>'i32*'</tt>. That's not likely to match
anything. To resolve this you must use <tt>\\</tt> and the <tt>{}</tt>, like
this:</p>
<div class="doc_code">
<pre>
... | grep {i32\\*}
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<!-- _______________________________________________________________________ -->
<div class="doc_subsection"><a name="dgvars">Variables and substitutions</a></div>
<!-- _______________________________________________________________________ -->
<div class="doc_text">
<p>With a RUN line there are a number of substitutions that are permitted. In
general, any Tcl variable that is available in the <tt>substitute</tt>
function (in <tt>test/lib/llvm.exp</tt>) can be substituted into a RUN line.
To make a substitution just write the variable's name preceded by a $.
Additionally, for compatibility reasons with previous versions of the test
library, certain names can be accessed with an alternate syntax: a % prefix.
These alternates are deprecated and may go away in a future version.
</p>
<p>Here are the available variable names. The alternate syntax is listed in
parentheses.</p>
<dl style="margin-left: 25px">
<dt><b>$test</b> (%s)</dt>
<dd>The full path to the test case's source. This is suitable for passing
on the command line as the input to an llvm tool.</dd>
<dt><b>$srcdir</b></dt>
<dd>The source directory from where the "<tt>make check</tt>" was run.</dd>
<dt><b>objdir</b></dt>
<dd>The object directory that corresponds to the <tt>$srcdir</tt>.</dd>
<dt><b>subdir</b></dt>
<dd>A partial path from the <tt>test</tt> directory that contains the
sub-directory that contains the test source being executed.</dd>
<dt><b>srcroot</b></dt>
<dd>The root directory of the LLVM src tree.</dd>
<dt><b>objroot</b></dt>
<dd>The root directory of the LLVM object tree. This could be the same
as the srcroot.</dd>
<dt><b>path</b><dt>
<dd>The path to the directory that contains the test case source. This is
for locating any supporting files that are not generated by the test, but
used by the test.</dd>
<dt><b>tmp</b></dt>
<dd>The path to a temporary file name that could be used for this test case.
The file name won't conflict with other test cases. You can append to it if
you need multiple temporaries. This is useful as the destination of some
redirected output.</dd>
<dt><b>llvmlibsdir</b> (%llvmlibsdir)</dt>
<dd>The directory where the LLVM libraries are located.</dd>
<dt><b>target_triplet</b> (%target_triplet)</dt>
<dd>The target triplet that corresponds to the current host machine (the one
running the test cases). This should probably be called "host".<dd>
<dt><b>prcontext</b> (%prcontext)</dt>
<dd>Path to the prcontext tcl script that prints some context around a
line that matches a pattern. This isn't strictly necessary as the test suite
is run with its PATH altered to include the test/Scripts directory where
the prcontext script is located. Note that this script is similar to
<tt>grep -C</tt> but you should use the <tt>prcontext</tt> script because
not all platforms support <tt>grep -C</tt>.</dd>
<dt><b>llvmgcc</b> (%llvmgcc)</dt>
<dd>The full path to the <tt>llvm-gcc</tt> executable as specified in the
configured LLVM environment</dd>
<dt><b>llvmgxx</b> (%llvmgxx)</dt>
<dd>The full path to the <tt>llvm-gxx</tt> executable as specified in the
configured LLVM environment</dd>
<dt><b>llvmgcc_version</b> (%llvmgcc_version)</dt>
<dd>The full version number of the <tt>llvm-gcc</tt> executable.</dd>
<dt><b>llvmgccmajvers</b> (%llvmgccmajvers)</dt>
<dd>The major version number of the <tt>llvm-gcc</tt> executable.</dd>
<dt><b>gccpath</b></dt>
<dd>The full path to the C compiler used to <i>build </i> LLVM. Note that
this might not be gcc.</dd>
<dt><b>gxxpath</b></dt>
<dd>The full path to the C++ compiler used to <i>build </i> LLVM. Note that
this might not be g++.</dd>
<dt><b>compile_c</b> (%compile_c)</dt>
<dd>The full command line used to compile LLVM C source code. This has all
the configured -I, -D and optimization options.</dd>
<dt><b>compile_cxx</b> (%compile_cxx)</dt>
<dd>The full command used to compile LLVM C++ source code. This has
all the configured -I, -D and optimization options.</dd>
<dt><b>link</b> (%link)</dt>
<dd>This full link command used to link LLVM executables. This has all the
configured -I, -L and -l options.</dd>
<dt><b>shlibext</b> (%shlibext)</dt>
<dd>The suffix for the host platforms share library (dll) files. This
includes the period as the first character.</dd>
</dl>
<p>To add more variables, two things need to be changed. First, add a line in
the <tt>test/Makefile</tt> that creates the <tt>site.exp</tt> file. This will
"set" the variable as a global in the site.exp file. Second, in the
<tt>test/lib/llvm.exp</tt> file, in the substitute proc, add the variable name
to the list of "global" declarations at the beginning of the proc. That's it,
the variable can then be used in test scripts.</p>
</div>
<!-- _______________________________________________________________________ -->
<div class="doc_subsection"><a name="dgfeatures">Other Features</a></div>
<!-- _______________________________________________________________________ -->
<div class="doc_text">
<p>To make RUN line writing easier, there are several shell scripts located
in the <tt>llvm/test/Scripts</tt> directory. This directory is in the PATH
when running tests, so you can just call these scripts using their name. For
example:</p>
<dl>
<dt><b>ignore</b></dt>
<dd>This script runs its arguments and then always returns 0. This is useful
in cases where the test needs to cause a tool to generate an error (e.g. to
check the error output). However, any program in a pipeline that returns a
non-zero result will cause the test to fail. This script overcomes that
issue and nicely documents that the test case is purposefully ignoring the
result code of the tool</dd>
<dt><b>not</b></dt>
<dd>This script runs its arguments and then inverts the result code from
it. Zero result codes become 1. Non-zero result codes become 0. This is
useful to invert the result of a grep. For example "not grep X" means
succeed only if you don't find X in the input.</dd>
</dl>
<p>Sometimes it is necessary to mark a test case as "expected fail" or XFAIL.
You can easily mark a test as XFAIL just by including <tt>XFAIL: </tt> on a
line near the top of the file. This signals that the test case should succeed
if the test fails. Such test cases are counted separately by DejaGnu. To
specify an expected fail, use the XFAIL keyword in the comments of the test
program followed by a colon and one or more regular expressions (separated by
a comma). The regular expressions allow you to XFAIL the test conditionally
by host platform. The regular expressions following the : are matched against
the target triplet or llvmgcc version number for the host machine. If there is
a match, the test is expected to fail. If not, the test is expected to
succeed. To XFAIL everywhere just specify <tt>XFAIL: *</tt>. When matching
the llvm-gcc version, you can specify the major (e.g. 3) or full version
(i.e. 3.4) number. Here is an example of an <tt>XFAIL</tt> line:</p>
<div class="doc_code">
<pre>
; XFAIL: darwin,sun,llvmgcc4
</pre>
</div>
<p>To make the output more useful, the <tt>llvm_runtest</tt> function wil
scan the lines of the test case for ones that contain a pattern that matches
PR[0-9]+. This is the syntax for specifying a PR (Problem Report) number that
is related to the test case. The number after "PR" specifies the LLVM bugzilla
number. When a PR number is specified, it will be used in the pass/fail
reporting. This is useful to quickly get some context when a test fails.</p>
<p>Finally, any line that contains "END." will cause the special
interpretation of lines to terminate. This is generally done right after the
last RUN: line. This has two side effects: (a) it prevents special
interpretation of lines that are part of the test program, not the
instructions to the test case, and (b) it speeds things up for really big test
cases by avoiding interpretation of the remainder of the file.</p>
</div>
<!--=========================================================================-->
<div class="doc_section"><a name="testsuitestructure">Test suite
Structure</a></div>
<!--=========================================================================-->
<div class="doc_text">
<p>The <tt>test-suite</tt> module contains a number of programs that can be compiled
with LLVM and executed. These programs are compiled using the native compiler
and various LLVM backends. The output from the program compiled with the
native compiler is assumed correct; the results from the other programs are
compared to the native program output and pass if they match.</p>
<p>When executing tests, it is usually a good idea to start out with a subset of
the available tests or programs. This makes test run times smaller at first and
later on this is useful to investigate individual test failures. To run some
test only on a subset of programs, simply change directory to the programs you
want tested and run <tt>gmake</tt> there. Alternatively, you can run a different
test using the <tt>TEST</tt> variable to change what tests or run on the
selected programs (see below for more info).</p>
<p>In addition for testing correctness, the <tt>llvm-test</tt> directory also
performs timing tests of various LLVM optimizations. It also records
compilation times for the compilers and the JIT. This information can be
used to compare the effectiveness of LLVM's optimizations and code
generation.</p>
<p><tt>llvm-test</tt> tests are divided into three types of tests: MultiSource,
SingleSource, and External.</p>
<ul>
<li><tt>llvm-test/SingleSource</tt>
<p>The SingleSource directory contains test programs that are only a single
source file in size. These are usually small benchmark programs or small
programs that calculate a particular value. Several such programs are grouped
together in each directory.</p></li>
<li><tt>llvm-test/MultiSource</tt>
<p>The MultiSource directory contains subdirectories which contain entire
programs with multiple source files. Large benchmarks and whole applications
go here.</p></li>
<li><tt>llvm-test/External</tt>
<p>The External directory contains Makefiles for building code that is external
to (i.e., not distributed with) LLVM. The most prominent members of this
directory are the SPEC 95 and SPEC 2000 benchmark suites. The <tt>External</tt>
directory does not contain these actual tests,but only the Makefiles that know
how to properly compile these programs from somewhere else. The presence and
location of these external programs is configured by the llvm-test
<tt>configure</tt> script.</p></li>
</ul>
<p>Each tree is then subdivided into several categories, including applications,
benchmarks, regression tests, code that is strange grammatically, etc. These
organizations should be relatively self explanatory.</p>
<p>Some tests are known to fail. Some are bugs that we have not fixed yet;
others are features that we haven't added yet (or may never add). In DejaGNU,
the result for such tests will be XFAIL (eXpected FAILure). In this way, you
can tell the difference between an expected and unexpected failure.</p>
<p>The tests in the test suite have no such feature at this time. If the
test passes, only warnings and other miscellaneous output will be generated. If
a test fails, a large <program> FAILED message will be displayed. This
will help you separate benign warnings from actual test failures.</p>
</div>
<!--=========================================================================-->
<div class="doc_section"><a name="testsuiterun">Running the test suite</a></div>
<!--=========================================================================-->
<div class="doc_text">
<p>First, all tests are executed within the LLVM object directory tree. They
<i>are not</i> executed inside of the LLVM source tree. This is because the
test suite creates temporary files during execution.</p>
<p>To run the test suite, you need to use the following steps:</p>
<ol>
<li><tt>cd</tt> into the <tt>llvm/projects</tt> directory</li>
<li><p>Check out the <tt>test-suite</tt> module with:</p>
<div class="doc_code">
<pre>
% svn co http://llvm.org/svn/llvm-project/test-suite/trunk test-suite
</pre>
</div>
<p>This will get the test suite into <tt>llvm/projects/llvm-test</tt></p>
<li><p>Configure the test suite using llvm configure. This will automatically
configure test-suite. You must do it from the top level otherwise llvm-gcc
will not be set which is required to run llvm-test:</p>
<div class="doc_code">
<pre>
% cd $LLVM_OBJ_ROOT ; $LLVM_SRC_ROOT/configure --with-llvmgccdir=$LLVM_GCC_DIR
</pre>
</div>
<p>Note that that <tt>$LLVM_GCC_DIR</tt> is the directory where you
<em>installed</em> llvm-gcc, not its src or obj directory.</p>
</li>
<li><p>Change back to the <tt>llvm/projects/test-suite</tt> directory you created before
and run <tt>gmake</tt> (or just "<tt>make</tt>" on systems where GNU make is
the default, such as linux.</p></li>
</ol>
<p>Note that the second and third steps only need to be done once. After you
have the suite checked out and configured, you don't need to do it again (unless
the test code or configure script changes).</p>
<!-- _______________________________________________________________________ -->
<div class="doc_subsection">
<a name="testsuiteexternal">Configuring external tests</a></div>
<!-- _______________________________________________________________________ -->
<div class="doc_text">
<p>Note, when configuring the <tt>test-suite</tt> module, you might want to
specify the following configuration options:</p>
<dl>
<dt><i>--enable-spec2000</i>
<dt><i>--enable-spec2000=<<tt>directory</tt>></i>
<dd>
Enable the use of SPEC2000 when testing LLVM. This is disabled by default
(unless <tt>configure</tt> finds SPEC2000 installed). By specifying
<tt>directory</tt>, you can tell configure where to find the SPEC2000
benchmarks. If <tt>directory</tt> is left unspecified, <tt>configure</tt>
uses the default value
<tt>/home/vadve/shared/benchmarks/speccpu2000/benchspec</tt>.
<p>
<dt><i>--enable-spec95</i>
<dt><i>--enable-spec95=<<tt>directory</tt>></i>
<dd>
Enable the use of SPEC95 when testing LLVM. It is similar to the
<i>--enable-spec2000</i> option.
<p>
<dt><i>--enable-povray</i>
<dt><i>--enable-povray=<<tt>directory</tt>></i>
<dd>
Enable the use of Povray as an external test. Versions of Povray written
in C should work. This option is similar to the <i>--enable-spec2000</i>
option.
</dl>
</div>
<!-- _______________________________________________________________________ -->
<div class="doc_subsection">
<a name="testsuitetests">Running different tests</a></div>
<!-- _______________________________________________________________________ -->
<div class="doc_text">
<p>In addition to the regular "whole program" tests, the <tt>test-suite</tt>
module also provides a mechanism for compiling the programs in different ways.
If the variable TEST is defined on the <tt>gmake</tt> command line, the test system will
include a Makefile named <tt>TEST.<value of TEST variable>.Makefile</tt>.
This Makefile can modify build rules to yield different results.</p>
<p>For example, the LLVM nightly tester uses <tt>TEST.nightly.Makefile</tt> to
create the nightly test reports. To run the nightly tests, run <tt>gmake
TEST=nightly</tt>.</p>
<p>There are several TEST Makefiles available in the tree. Some of them are
designed for internal LLVM research and will not work outside of the LLVM
research group. They may still be valuable, however, as a guide to writing your
own TEST Makefile for any optimization or analysis passes that you develop with
LLVM.</p>
</div>
<!-- _______________________________________________________________________ -->
<div class="doc_subsection">
<a name="testsuiteoutput">Generating test output</a></div>
<!-- _______________________________________________________________________ -->
<div class="doc_text">
<p>There are a number of ways to run the tests and generate output. The most
simple one is simply running <tt>gmake</tt> with no arguments. This will
compile and run all programs in the tree using a number of different methods
and compare results. Any failures are reported in the output, but are likely
drowned in the other output. Passes are not reported explicitely.</p>
<p>Somewhat better is running <tt>gmake TEST=sometest test</tt>, which runs
the specified test and usually adds per-program summaries to the output
(depending on which sometest you use). For example, the <tt>nightly</tt> test
explicitely outputs TEST-PASS or TEST-FAIL for every test after each program.
Though these lines are still drowned in the output, it's easy to grep the
output logs in the Output directories.</p>
<p>Even better are the <tt>report</tt> and <tt>report.format</tt> targets
(where <tt>format</tt> is one of <tt>html</tt>, <tt>csv</tt>, <tt>text</tt> or
<tt>graphs</tt>). The exact contents of the report are dependent on which
<tt>TEST</tt> you are running, but the text results are always shown at the
end of the run and the results are always stored in the
<tt>report.<type>.format</tt> file (when running with
<tt>TEST=<type></tt>).
The <tt>report</tt> also generate a file called
<tt>report.<type>.raw.out</tt> containing the output of the entire test
run.
</div>
<!-- _______________________________________________________________________ -->
<div class="doc_subsection">
<a name="testsuitecustom">Writing custom tests for the test suite</a></div>
<!-- _______________________________________________________________________ -->
<div class="doc_text">
<p>Assuming you can run the test suite, (e.g. "<tt>gmake TEST=nightly report</tt>"
should work), it is really easy to run optimizations or code generator
components against every program in the tree, collecting statistics or running
custom checks for correctness. At base, this is how the nightly tester works,
it's just one example of a general framework.</p>
<p>Lets say that you have an LLVM optimization pass, and you want to see how
many times it triggers. First thing you should do is add an LLVM
<a href="ProgrammersManual.html#Statistic">statistic</a> to your pass, which
will tally counts of things you care about.</p>
<p>Following this, you can set up a test and a report that collects these and
formats them for easy viewing. This consists of two files, an
"<tt>test-suite/TEST.XXX.Makefile</tt>" fragment (where XXX is the name of your
test) and an "<tt>llvm-test/TEST.XXX.report</tt>" file that indicates how to
format the output into a table. There are many example reports of various
levels of sophistication included with the test suite, and the framework is very
general.</p>
<p>If you are interested in testing an optimization pass, check out the
"libcalls" test as an example. It can be run like this:<p>
<div class="doc_code">
<pre>
% cd llvm/projects/test-suite/MultiSource/Benchmarks # or some other level
% make TEST=libcalls report
</pre>
</div>
<p>This will do a bunch of stuff, then eventually print a table like this:</p>
<div class="doc_code">
<pre>
Name | total | #exit |
...
FreeBench/analyzer/analyzer | 51 | 6 |
FreeBench/fourinarow/fourinarow | 1 | 1 |
FreeBench/neural/neural | 19 | 9 |
FreeBench/pifft/pifft | 5 | 3 |
MallocBench/cfrac/cfrac | 1 | * |
MallocBench/espresso/espresso | 52 | 12 |
MallocBench/gs/gs | 4 | * |
Prolangs-C/TimberWolfMC/timberwolfmc | 302 | * |
Prolangs-C/agrep/agrep | 33 | 12 |
Prolangs-C/allroots/allroots | * | * |
Prolangs-C/assembler/assembler | 47 | * |
Prolangs-C/bison/mybison | 74 | * |
...
</pre>
</div>
<p>This basically is grepping the -stats output and displaying it in a table.
You can also use the "TEST=libcalls report.html" target to get the table in HTML
form, similarly for report.csv and report.tex.</p>
<p>The source for this is in test-suite/TEST.libcalls.*. The format is pretty
simple: the Makefile indicates how to run the test (in this case,
"<tt>opt -simplify-libcalls -stats</tt>"), and the report contains one line for
each column of the output. The first value is the header for the column and the
second is the regex to grep the output of the command for. There are lots of
example reports that can do fancy stuff.</p>
</div>
<!--=========================================================================-->
<div class="doc_section"><a name="nightly">Running the nightly tester</a></div>
<!--=========================================================================-->
<div class="doc_text">
<p>
The <a href="http://llvm.org/nightlytest/">LLVM Nightly Testers</a>
automatically check out an LLVM tree, build it, run the "nightly"
program test (described above), run all of the DejaGNU tests,
delete the checked out tree, and then submit the results to
<a href="http://llvm.org/nightlytest/">http://llvm.org/nightlytest/</a>.
After test results are submitted to
<a href="http://llvm.org/nightlytest/">http://llvm.org/nightlytest/</a>,
they are processed and displayed on the tests page. An email to
<a href="http://lists.cs.uiuc.edu/pipermail/llvm-testresults/">
llvm-testresults@cs.uiuc.edu</a> summarizing the results is also generated.
This testing scheme is designed to ensure that programs don't break as well
as keep track of LLVM's progress over time.</p>
<p>If you'd like to set up an instance of the nightly tester to run on your
machine, take a look at the comments at the top of the
<tt>utils/NewNightlyTest.pl</tt> file. If you decide to set up a nightly tester
please choose a unique nickname and invoke <tt>utils/NewNightlyTest.pl</tt>
with the "-nickname [yournickname]" command line option.
<p>You can create a shell script to encapsulate the running of the script.
The optimized x86 Linux nightly test is run from just such a script:</p>
<div class="doc_code">
<pre>
#!/bin/bash
BASE=/proj/work/llvm/nightlytest
export BUILDDIR=$BASE/build
export WEBDIR=$BASE/testresults
export LLVMGCCDIR=/proj/work/llvm/cfrontend/install
export PATH=/proj/install/bin:$LLVMGCCDIR/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/proj/install/lib
cd $BASE
cp /proj/work/llvm/llvm/utils/NewNightlyTest.pl .
nice ./NewNightlyTest.pl -nice -release -verbose -parallel -enable-linscan \
-nickname NightlyTester -noexternals > output.log 2>&1
</pre>
</div>
<p>It is also possible to specify the the location your nightly test results
are submitted. You can do this by passing the command line option
"-submit-server [server_address]" and "-submit-script [script_on_server]" to
<tt>utils/NewNightlyTest.pl</tt>. For example, to submit to the llvm.org
nightly test results page, you would invoke the nightly test script with
"-submit-server llvm.org -submit-script /nightlytest/NightlyTestAccept.cgi".
If these options are not specified, the nightly test script sends the results
to the llvm.org nightly test results page.</p>
<p>Take a look at the <tt>NewNightlyTest.pl</tt> file to see what all of the
flags and strings do. If you start running the nightly tests, please let us
know. Thanks!</p>
</div>
<!-- *********************************************************************** -->
<hr>
<address>
<a href="http://jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/check/referer"><img
src="http://jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/images/vcss" alt="Valid CSS!"></a>
<a href="http://validator.w3.org/check/referer"><img
src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/valid-html401" alt="Valid HTML 4.01!"></a>
John T. Criswell, Reid Spencer, and Tanya Lattner<br>
<a href="http://llvm.org">The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure</a><br>
Last modified: $Date$
</address>
</body>
</html>
|
